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The LangaList
Standard Edition

2003-03-31

A Free Email Newsletter from Fred Langa
That Helps You Get More From Your Hardware, 
Software, and Time Online

Please visit our sponsors and help keep the LangaList S.E. free!

Contents:

1) Thweeeet! Time Out!
2) Backups For 30 Cents Per Gig!
3) World-Class Multibooting, Part 1
4) World-Class Multibooting, Part 2
5) NT/2K/XP Security Problem
6) Last Hours To Enter March's FREE Drawing
7) X-Ray Vision Into Your PC
8) They Just Keep Coming And Coming...
9) Another Fan-Related Weirdness
10) Just For Grins
11) Plus! Edition Highlights:

 

 

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1) Thweeeet! Time Out!

Yikes! Maybe it's the war, maybe it's the economy, but the level of free-floating hostility seems to have risen alarmingly. For example, I've gotten a mass of very angry email about the "BeClean" software that caused problems for some readers. One reader (I won't use his name; I'm not trying to embarrass anyone) wrote this--- one of the more printable notes I received:

I lost everything! Don't you test these things before putting your subscribers at some goof programmer's mercy?

At first blush, that sounds like a totally legit question. But there are two major problems.

A) "Don't you test...?"  OK, are we talking about testing on Win95, Win98, Win98se, WinME, NT4, any of the several flavors of Win2K, or any of the flavors of XP? Which service packs? What security settings, firewalls or antivirus tools are in use? Which blends of other software have been installed? How has the system been maintained? Which of the thousands of brands, models, and builds of PCs are we talking about? How much memory is installed? What's the hard drive set up? What's the skill level of the user? On and on...

In the heyday of ink-on-paper computer publishing, Ziff-Davis--- then the largest tech publisher--- had a lab with 50 people working in it, and even they made no attempt whatsoever to test broadly on even a tiny fraction of the possible permutations of hardware and software. Instead, they (like most labs) used simple, standardized reference systems designed to simulate a mythical "average" PC. And, of course, these were not systems as used in the chaos of real life, but idealized, perfectly-maintained systems, run by professional testers.

If a product got a good rating from that kind of test lab, it suggested that that product would probably work OK for you, as long as your system resembled the test setups. But even there, there was no *guarantee* that the product would work for you.

So, I can say with no shame whatsoever that no, I do not and cannot do what the world's largest tech companies and publishers also cannot do: There's no way I can ever guarantee that the stuff we discuss here will work flawlessly on every reader's setup.

And consider the software itself: If the world's largest software publishers--- Microsoft, Symantec, et al-- cannot produce error-free software that works on all hardware and software, for all users of all skill levels, all the time, do you really think some freeware hobbyist software author will manage to do so?

So the first point is really about having reasonable expectations. No software--- especially free, giveaway software--- is likely to be perfect. And no one--- not I, nor Ziff-Davis, nor any testing lab or publisher--- can guarantee that a given product will work flawlessly on your system. That leads to the second point:

B) "I lost everything!" Here's a sad truth: No matter how careful you are, sooner or later something bad *will* happen to your hardware of software--- not "might happen" or "possibly will happen"--- something bad definitely *will* happen. It may be an accidental deletion of something important through user error, it may be a software problem or a hardware failure. Regardless, it's a 100% certainty that sooner or later you're going to lose important data.

That's why I've talked about backups literally *hundreds* of times in this newsletter. I've even detailed a complete, total backup process that can restore your data after a *total* hardware failure--- say, your house burns down and melts your PC to slag.

Yet, many readers still choose to run unprotected--- and then get irate when the inevitable happens, and they lose data.

I don't know how to be any clearer: Backups are essential. The more often you make them, the safer you are. Or, to put it the other way, if you choose to run without backups, then you are, in effect, choosing to lose data. It's inevitable.

Things like "Go Back" and "System Restore" can help a little, but they are only partial solutions, as we've also previously discussed in these pages. One small example: Both Go Back and System Restore are utilities that run within your operating system. If something really bad happens to your OS itself, how will you run Go Back or System Restore? (Answer: You can't. You're toast.)

But there is an easy, inexpensive way to make 100% reliable backups that will let you recover from ANY problem in literally minutes. For example, I make "image" backups every few days, and data backups every day. It costs me less than 20 cents a day for total data security.

If you do something similar, there is no reason for you to lose access to your PC or its data--- ever! In most cases, you can restore data in literally 5 minutes or so, or completely rebuild a system's software--- format, OS, apps, data, *everything*--- in maybe 10 minutes, using my method. ( http://www.langa.com/backups/backups.htm )

Sooner or later, EVERYONE who uses a computer will lose data. With some people, it happens fast. Others can go for years and years. But EVERYONE, sooner or later, has something bad happen that will make them glad they have backups, if they have them; or that will make them wish they had backups, if they don't.

But I guess it's human nature--- people will discount the benefit of something until they need it. Unfortunately, with backups, by the time you need them, it's too late to start. You have to start beforehand.

The next item takes a related tack, and shows just how inexpensive it is to have total data security. Then, you'll never have that awful "Oh, No!" moment when you realize that your system--- and its data--- has been hosed.

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2) Backups For 30 Cents Per Gig!

Hi Fred, I am getting concerned that the data accumulated on my PC may be at risk if I don't find a way to back it up. If I'm not mistaken, most of your advice re backups assumes that a user has a built-in ZIP or CD-R drive.

What advice can you offer someone like myself who doesn't have these backup drives and who only has access to a 1.4 MB floppy drive as a backup tool. Is it possible to rent an external backup system or should I simply invest in the purchase of a CD-R drive?

Perhaps there are other readers out there who share my situation and could also benefit from your suggestions. Sincerely, Greg Rajewski (a very satisfied Plus! reader)

A lot of users hesitate about backups because they assume they'll need to invest hundreds of dollars to set something up. In reality, backups are much, much  cheaper than most people think. (Mine cost me 20 cents a day.)

But before we get to the costs, ask yourself one question, as a  very simple, informal cost/benefit analysis:

"What would it cost, in direct expense and in time, to recreate all my data, files, settings, etc., from scratch?"

In other words, ballpark the absolute, rock-bottom minimum value of the data on your system simply by estimating how long it would take to get the stuff you need back to an acceptable condition, restoring or recreating it if you lost the contents of your hard drive. Then, multiply that amount of time by whatever your time is worth.

Even at minimum wage, and even if the value of your files and data is zero (which is almost never the case), fully restoring your system just ONCE, ever, in its life will usually more than offset the purchase cost of a basic CDR drive, just in time-savings alone.

And it's odds-on that the value of your files and data is way more than $0. Some of your files may have intrinsic monetary value--- tax or banking or business records, for example. Other files and data have a value represented by the effort and time it took to create them. For example, how much time have you invested in setting up your system, getting it right, downloading patches, installing software, etc.? Still other files may have value that's hard to quantify--- special photos, music, lists of favorite sites, etc. But there is still a value there, even if it's hard to pin down.

In fact, when you add it all up, the true, full value of the stuff on your hard drive is probably worth hundreds, thousands or--- no, I'm not kidding--- tens of thousands of dollars.

Add it up: If your answer, either in direct cost or in time spent, is that your data and setup is worth more than a mere $25 or so, then go out and buy an inexpensive CDR drive right now! That's all they cost, if you catch a sale; and even off-sale, you can almost always get a new CDR for less than $50.

That's all it takes--- a basic $25-50 CDR drive and some bulk-purchased blank CDs, and you're on your way to total data safety. This way, your actual backup costs will run in the vicinity of 3 cents per hundred megs.; or 30 cents per gig. I create a full image backup of my 8GB primary partition several times a week, for example: It fits (compressed) on 4 generic blank CDs that cost me a total of 80 cents.

Think of it: 80 cents for 100%, rock-solid, total data security. Is there any reason *not* to make backups?

Examples of inexpensive CDRs:

less than $50: http://tinyurl.com/8f01

Many, many other cheap CDR drives:
http://tinyurl.com/84mb or http://snurl.com/1115

Bulk CDs (less than 20 cents each):
http://tinyurl.com/8f2t or http://snurl.com/122a or
http://froogle.google.com/froogle?q=blank+bulk+cdr&cat=389

FREE easy backup methods for all the above:
http://www.langa.com/backups/backups.htm

Get started now: When the day comes that you need your backups--- and it will--- I guarantee you'll consider your investment some of the best money you've ever spent!

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3) World-Class Multibooting, Part 1

We've touched on multibooting a bit lately--- multibooting is when you have two or more operating systems installed on a single PC, and choose which one to run at start up; each OS thinks it "owns" the PC, and operates independently of the other(s).

Our discussions were mostly introductory. But two readers--- both using the same powerful freeware tool--- show just how far you can go with multibooting, if you want or need to. For example:

OK, I'm a bit behind on my Langalists, and just now got around to reading the last few issues (I go offline for a week, and man, what a ton of e-mail...).

Anyway, I thought you might be interested in this multi-boot system 37 OSes in one box (53 if you count DOS windows managers) using some nasty partitioning, 6 hard drives, and XOSL ( http://www.xosl.org ) a great freeware boot manager (I've used it before, too). There's a brief feature in MaximumPC about this: http://www.maximumpc.com/features/feature_2002-09-24.html

Keep up the great work!--- -Jake Ortman

Thanks, Jake. That PC--- put together by an18-year-old named Richard Robbins--- has got to be close to a world record!

The next letter, detailing a somewhat less extreme setup, offers a lot of practical detail:

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4) World-Class Multibooting, Part 2

Hi Fred, I must be brave or insane, but I don't understand why people fear repartitioning their hard disks! What I want to offer is another alternative to [traditional] multibooting. At work I have to maintain a computer lab wherein students need access to a variety of operating systems. Currently, you can choose to use Windows XP Professional, Windows 2000 Server, Red Hat Linux 8.0, Windows 98 Second Edition and Windows NT Server 4.0. All the OSes reside on a single 60 GB hard disk. You might be asking yourself how'd I get 4 Microsoft OSes and Linux booting from a single drive when you can only have 4 primary partitions? I'll admit this took a some effort with a disk editor and the internet to figure out, but the results were worth it. The glue that holds it all together is an Open Source [free] boot loader called XOSL available at http://www.xosl.org .

This little utility is fairly simple to install (it fits on a single floppy disk) and deliciously powerful in its configuration. With the help of Ghost or Drive Image you can work some multiboot magic. For instance here's what I have setup.

Because each OS may have particular installation requirements like 1024 cylinder boundary restrictions, 8.4 GB partition limits, etc, I partitioned the disk like this:

Primary 1 Windows NT Server 4 (2GB) NTFS
Primary 2 Windows 2000 Server (4GB) NTFS
Primary 3 Windows XP Professional (26GB) NTFS
Extended partition containing:
   Logical 1 Windows 98 Second Edition (8GB) FAT32
   Logical 2 Red Hat Linux 8 (4GB) extfs3
   Logical 3 Linux swap (1GB) linuxswap
   Logical 4 DOS 7.1 (70MB) FAT16
10GB free space

XOSL installs in the master boot record a small boot loader program that then loads a menu application, whose files can be installed in a dedicated XOSL partition type or any FAT16 or FAT32 partition. I chose to put the XOSL menu files in the FAT16 logical partition.

The first step is to install each Microsoft operating system by itself so that it resides in a C drive. Make an image and store it preferably on another computer. Once that is done, partition the hard disk accordingly, install XOSL and restore each OS to its final location. When you configure the XOSL boot menu, you choose the partition to boot from and optionally, you can hide the other OS partitions so that each OS will still see itself as the C drive. Linux is best installed after all the other OS are in place so that you can setup GRUB or LILO without complications.

As for the trick to get Windows 98 to boot from a logical partition? This web site http://www.goodells.net/multiboot provided the answers. Basically, you need to edit the partition table of the MBR using PowerQuest's ptedit.exe (which comes with both Drive Image and Partition Magic, or as a free download from their web site) to tell the boot loader where to locate the boot sector for a particular Microsoft OS residing in the extended partition. For DOS/Win9x, you must also enable the INT13 extension in the partition by using a disk editor. You can also boot from a floppy via XOSL, which is handy since you will have to boot from a floppy and sys c: the partition.

The ability to boot DOS residing in a logical partition allowed me to set up a simple DOS menu system using config.sys and autoexec.bat which offered a Ghosting menu that launched the ghost.exe client from the hard drive rather than from a floppy disk. With command line switches I can easily reghost the whole disk or individual partitions with 3 quick keystrokes after a reboot.

Of course, very few home computer users would want to go to this much trouble for multibooting, but I just wanted to point out a solution that saved my employer $10,000; the alternative was a PCI multiboot card. Thanks for your time, Phillip Chee

Excellent, Philip; thanks!

So you see, multibooting is an enormously flexible, powerful technique whether you just want to run two OSes--- or 53!

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5) NT/2K/XP Security Problem

Flaw in RPC Endpoint Mapper Could Allow Denial of Service Attacks
Software: Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP
Impact: denial of service
Max Risk: Important

Info, patches, and a workaround for NT4 (which cannot be patched):
http://www.microsoft.com/technet/security/bulletin/MS03-010.asp
http://www.microsoft.com/security/security_bulletins/ms03-010.asp

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6) Last Hours To Enter March's FREE Drawing

Later today, March 31, I'll choose another monthly winner of a no-strings $30 Gift Certificate for any item at Amazon.Com--- books, software, hardware, kitchenware, toys... To have a shot at winning, just use the following link to recommend the LangaList to a friend. Your friend just may find a new source of useful information; I just may gain a new subscriber; and you just may win a $30 shopping spree! (Full details also available via this link): http://www.langa.com/recommend.htm

The more times you make a recommendation, the greater your chances are of winning!

Or, if you'd like to try to win $10,000(!), try this link (full details also available here):
http://www.recommend-it.com/l.z.e?s=143182

Either way, thank you, and good luck!

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7) X-Ray Vision Into Your PC

Hi Fred!! I've been a subscriber to the Langalist for just over a year now and I love it. It's the only one I find to be an interesting read from beginning to end on a regular basis. The free utilities are at times a godsend so thank you so much for posting them. I do however need a utility that does one little thing. I need to run an analysis on the memory in all my computers.. find out how many banks are populated and by what type of ram. There's been a mixture of 133 Mhz and 100 Mhz SDRAM found in a few computers now and some, I have no idea what the specs are other than size. I found a fairly good utility but it's a full analysis of the whole computer and all I need is to check what ram is in there... quickly without a big install. Do you know of anything that can help me out? ---Mike Forbes

The two utilities that might do the trick for that--- and to disclose tons more info about your PC's innards--- are: Belarc Advisor
http://www.google.com/search?as_q=belarc&as_sitesearch=langa.com
and SiSoft Sandra
http://www.google.com/search?as_q=sandra&as_sitesearch=langa.com

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8) They Just Keep Coming And Coming...

Over two thousand of your fellow readers have "Loaded the code." Please click over to http://www.langa.com/code.htm , and maybe you can join them! (If you've already "Loaded The Code" and are wondering if your site will appear here or on the Langa.Com web site, please see http://www.langa.com/link.txt )

Speaking of which: Here's another eclectic sample of reader sites--- some professional, some very personal:

View A Randomly-Chosen Reader Site
http://www.langa.com/randomlink.htm

Manually Browse All Posted-to-Date Sites Starting At
http://www.langa.com/readersites.htm

flgm11
http://213.208.116.237/

Transpoman
http://www.transpoman.com/

Dennis Lockhart
http://thelockharts.home.mindspring.com/dennis/

The Bevill's
http://home.triad.rr.com/bevill/index.htm

Compact Utility Tractors
http://www.compacttractorconnection.com/

Web Design
http://smartbasicscomputer.homestead.com/webdesign.html

2003 Central Illinois Pow Pow Schedule
http://toddmeuth.home.insightbb.com/west.html

Dogs-4-Ever
http://www.dogs4ever.com/

"My corner of the 'Net"
http://www.stormnet.com/~kirk/Html/home.htm

Welcome to The Marsh
http://www.freelancebyu.com/the_marsh.htm

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9) Another Fan-Related Weirdness

It's amazing--- the PC cooling stories are still flooding in, mostly involving people finding the insides of their overheating PCs filled with enough dust and fuzzies to knit a sweater.

But sometimes, even a clean PC can have a cooling problem:

Fred, It's funny that you posted that story because I had a similar issue with a PC here at work. It was fine in the mornings but after lunch it would freeze, causing a hard reboot, and sometimes lose valuable data. A so-called service person came in and blamed Windows for the cause and recommended replacing the system without even opening the case. I decided to look it over one day, after it had been replaced, and found whoever opened the case last time had pushed one of the hard drive ribbon cables into the fan blades of the CPU.

Since the blades weren't spinning the CPU got so hot it caused the system to freeze and was very unstable. I ordered a $5 replacement fan and it runs without any problems at all now. I also did a fresh install of Windows 98 due to the multiple hard reboots and new area that the PC would be used for.

Something as simple as making sure the fan isn't blocked can save a lot of time and headaches.--- Ralph

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10) Just For Grins

This has made the rounds in many forms over the years, so it's time we immortalized at least one version, such as the one Irwin Seitelman sent in:

News in PHYSICS - New Element discovered

A major research institution recently announced the discovery of the heaviest element yet known to science. This new element tentatively has been named "Corporatium". Corporatium has 1 neutron, 12 assistant neutrons, 75 deputy neutrons, and 111 assistant deputy neutrons, giving it an atomic mass of 312.

These 312 particles are held together by a force called morons, which are surrounded by vast quantities of lepton-like particles called peons. Since Corporatium has no electrons, it is inert. However, it can be detected as it impedes every reaction with which it comes into contact. A minute amount of Corporatium causes one reaction to take over 4 days to complete when it would normally take less than a second. Corporatium has a normal half-life of 3 years; it does not decay but instead undergoes a reorganization, in which a portion of the assistant neutrons and deputy neutrons and assistant deputy neutrons exchange places. In fact, Corporatium's mass will actually increase over time, since each reorganization causes some morons to become neutrons forming isodopes. This characteristic of moron-promotion leads some scientists to speculate that Corporatium is formed whenever morons reach a certain quantity in concentration. This hypothetical quantity is referred to as "Critical Morass."

You will know it when you see it...

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11) Plus! Edition Highlights:

  • Free NTFS Defraggers
        (better than Windows' own?)

  • Multiple *Workspaces* (Not Desktops)
        (detailed info from an involved reader)

  • Food For Serious Thought
        (Microsoft's plans....)

The Plus! edition offers tons of extra info for just a dollar a month, and even has a MONEY BACK satisfaction guarantee: You can't lose! Complete Plus! Edition info: http://www.langa.com/plus.htm 

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See you next issue!

Best,

Fred
( Editor@Langa.Com )

Please recommend the LangaList to a friend! (And maybe win $10,000!I)

An easier-to read formatted HTML version is available in the "Current Issue" section of http://www.langa.com.  (The HTML version of each issue normally is available by 9AM EST [UT-5] of the issue date.) All past LangaList issues are also available at the Langa.Com site.

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