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The LangaList

2000-10-19
2000-Oct-19

A Free Email Newsletter from Fred Langa
That Helps You Get More From Your Hardware, 
Software, and Time Online

1) Happy Anniversary!
2)
Not 1, Not 2, But *3* New Free Reg Patches
3)
How Spammers Obscure Their URLs
4)
New ZoneAlarm Version
5)
More Windows Bloat
6)
Reader Suggestion On Basic Disk Partitioning
7)
Industrial-Strength Backup/Imaging/Restore Options
8)
Is This Information Useful?
9)
So Many Sites, So Little Time <g>

10) Just For Grins

More!

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1) Happy Anniversary!

Exactly three years ago yesterday, the very first issue of the LangaList was published to a very small--- OK, *tiny* <g>--- number of subscribers.

Back then, I published the newsletter once a week, more or less. Today, the newsletter is distributed twice a week to about 140,000 subscribers--- that's 1.2 million copies of this newsletter mailed every month. And at the same time, the Langa.Com website also is busy pumping out about half a million pages a month.

It's been a heck of a ride; all the more so because the LangaList and Langa.Com is all a one-person operation. Thank goodness for caffeine! 8-)

Your fellow subscribers hail from 153 nations all around the globe. As you might expect for an English-language missive, readers in English-speaking countries (the USA, Canada, Australia, the UK, New Zealand...) tend to make up the largest part of the subscriber base; and there's a significant number of readers in places where English is not primary language, but where the Internet is readily available (Europe, portions of South America and Africa...). But you may be surprised--- I sure was!---  to find that the same List you read also goes out to people in places like Kyrgyzstan, Mali, the Udmurt Republic, and Kiribati. Heck, you even have fellow readers inside the Vatican. <g>

The next few paragraphs give you a little background on the List's history--- feel free to skip ahead if that's of no interest. But if you do skip ahead, let me say this to you now: Thanks for subscribing; it's my pleasure and privilege to serve you!

Many people have asked about how the List started: Three years ago, after a 20+ year stint in the publishing industry where I'd been the chief editor of a number of publications, including Byte and Windows Magazine, I wanted to get back to my first professional love, which was writing. I moved my family out of New York and back to our native New England, and hung out my shingle as a freelance writer. (See http://www.langa.com/about_fred.htm if you're a masochist and want all the gory details. <g>)

At the time, I had a hazy idea involving a self-publication effort that would let me communicate directly with readers, rather than being totally dependent on traditional publishing processes. Maybe--- an email newsletter?

There was a second element to this hazy idea. I know it sounds corny, but I'd been in publishing for a long time and had made a good living running a variety of magazines and online sites. This fuzzy piece of the puzzle was the idea of somehow "giving back" to the readers and to the computing community in some way.

So, I wanted the newsletter to be free; I'd pay to run it myself, out-of-pocket, assuming I could make a living as a freelance. That led to a third piece of the puzzle: I needed a way to self-publicize my for-pay work so people would know about it and read it, and keep my publishers happy so I could indeed make a living.

There was no "Eureka" moment--- I didn't run naked through the streets of my home town---but eventually the ideas firmed up enough so that I figured I'd send a weekly email message to interested readers. The emails would contain useful tips, tricks, and other information about using computer hardware and software, and also would contain pointers to the columns and web sites I was producing for others.

But the emails wouldn't be just a tease: I wanted them to contain enough "meat" to be useful and worth reading in their own right. And I wanted them to be rich with pointers to many sources of information, only some of which would be my own work. 

I also wanted the emails to have a personal tone, more like a letter from a friend than some kind of corporate-speak publication, or a generic-voiced magazine article. The weekly email letter was going to be from me, personally, and written in the first person.

In short, I wanted it to be a simple, friendly and (hopefully) helpful email from me to interested readers.

Fast-forward two years: By then, the list had grown to a size where I could no longer afford to publish it out-of-pocket. So, after much internal debate, I began accepting advertising as a way to defray my escalating publishing costs and to keep from losing my shirt on the deal. With readers clicking on the ads and checking out what the advertisers offer, the newsletter became more or less self-sustaining.

Now, three years into the project, you're reading the results to date. I hope you're enjoying the newsletter as much as I enjoy bringing it to you! 

There's lots more ahead--- including some major positive announcements I hope to make in the next few weeks.

Stay tuned, and thanks for being a part of the LangaList community!

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2) Not 1, Not 2, But *3* New Free Reg Patches

You can think of 'em as an anniversary gift from me to you. <g>

You may recall that reader Mick Hickson provided us with a tiny registry patch that added the original CleanUp.Bat to your Recycle Bin menu: When you right-clicked on the Recycle Bin, you'd see "Langa.Com Cleanup" as a menu item just above "Empty Recycle Bin Contents." It was a very handy patch because it let you dump all manner or trash files with just two clicks--- one click to empty the Recycle Bin, and another to run CleanUp.Bat. (Don't know about Cleanup.Bat? Click here: http://www.langa.com/cleanup_bat.htm )

Many readers have asked for a similar patch that would add the much more-powerful CleanALL.Bat to the Recycle Bin menu, and I'm happy to say it's now available at http://www.langa.com/cleanall_reg.htm .

Plus, that same page also contains an equally-tiny reg patch that *removes* CleanAll.Bat from your Recycle Bin menu, should you later decide you don't want it there.

I've also modified the earlier CleanUp patch at http://www.langa.com/cleanup_reg.htm by similarly offering a tiny reg patch to remove CleanUp.bat from your Recycle Bin menu, should you want to do so.

So now you can add or remove either batch file to your Recycle Bin with just a couple clicks. And as always at Langa.Com, the files are free. (Your clicks on the newsletter ads and the download page ad banners will help support the site and keep it free--- and you just may find a cool product or service to try, too. Check 'em out!)

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3) How Spammers Obscure Their URLs

Reader Gary Hollingworth was concerned about URLs that don't seem to follow the standard "www.sitename.com" format:

I am seeking information on the hows and whys of website links with the following format, e.g. http://402653384/. I've only seen this format in spam type messages as it appears to be constructed to hide the real address. How does it work since it isn't in either of the recognized standard www.anysite.com or 123.456.789.000 formats? What are your thoughts about its use? Are these style addresses a concern to the casual Internet user?

First, let's look at the format, then we'll discuss the implications:

Unless you own your own web site with its own domain name, you may not realize that all Web addresses really are numeric: When a web site is created, it's normally listed with a special "registrar" who is authorized to run a Domain Name Server. This server contains a huge lookup table that associates a normal-sounding name (such as www.langa.com) with the web site's true numeric address.

For example, http://www.langa.com is really site number "www.langa.com." If you click on http://www.langa.com (or enter in your browser's address line), you'll still go to Langa.Com exactly the same as if you'd clicked on http://www.langa.com . The more familiar URL format--- www.langa.com--- is really nothing more than an alias provided solely for human convenience, because it's much easier to remember than a string of numbers.

But it's the numbers that matter: When you enter or click on a URL like www.langa.com, your browser actually asks a Domain Name Server for the real numeric address of the site, and then uses the numeric address to find the page you want.

(By the way: Now you know what your browser means when it gives you a "DNS Not Found" error: It couldn't find the correct Domain Name Server, or couldn't find the correct site entry within the server, and thus didn't know how to find the site you were looking for.)

The Web's numbering scheme is the key to a spammer's ability to hide his URL. With a bit of deep-geek manipulation, those numeric addresses can be converted into a variety of formats. For example, the four groups of three digits in a site's real numeric address are based on powers of 256; from right to left, each group of digits represents itself times 256 to the zero, first, second, and third, respectively .

I'll do the math for you, but you can see that Langa.Com's "www.langa.com" address can be expanded into 209 + 60928 + 2490368 + 2130706432, and that adds up to 2133257937. And in fact, http://2133257937/ also gets you to Langa.Com. (Well, it actually gets you to the root of the Langa.Com site, where a redirect page then takes you to the public home page. But that's due to the way I have the site set up--- it has nothing to do with the addressing per se.)

But there's still more: If you're looking for real obscurity--- as some spammers are---the human-friendly decimal (base ten) digits also can be translated into their computer-friendly hexadecimal (base 16) equivalents; and the numbers and punctuation also can be represented as ASCII computer code. (For a simple table of ASCII codes, see http://www.asciitable.com/ ) Thus, http://www.langa.com can be shown in all these ways, which function identically, and bring you to exactly the same place:

http://www.langa.com/
http://www.langa.com/
http://2133257937/
http://%77%77%77%2E%6C%61%6E%67%61%2E%63%6F%6D/

http://%32%30%39%2E%32%33%38%2E%33%38%2E%31%32%37/

http://%33%35%32%32%30%34%35%35%36%37/

Your browser is perfectly happy with any of these representations of the address because under the covers, all six URLs are actually identical!

So, with a little calculator-punching and detective work, you can pick apart any numeric address--- or you can use Karen Kenworthy's cool "URL Discombobulator" tool to automate the process: http://content.techweb.com/winmag//columns/powertools/ptlookup.htm

It's worth noting that often, a plain numeric address (such as http://www.langa.com/ ) is simply an indication that a site is brand-new--- the site is alive and accessible, but hasn't yet been registered, and so no DNS entry yet exists for it. Because there's no human-friendly name associated with the site yet, the numeric address is the only way in. This type of address may be perfectly benign.

But addresses in the other weird forms, such as http://%32%30%39%2E%32%33%38%2E%33%38%2E%31%32%37/ , often are used by spammers or porno-site purveyors who wish to disguise their site name or URL. There's really no good reason to use a URL in that format, except as camouflage.

Fortunately, as you now see, it's not too hard to peek beneath the disguise and see what's *really* there.

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4) New ZoneAlarm Version

There's a new minor update to ZoneAlarm (the excellent free-for-personal-use firewall) available at http://www.zdnet.com/downloads/partners/zonealarm/download.html . It's version 2.1.44.

Long-time readers know we've covered ZoneAlarm many times (see http://search.atomz.com/search/?sp-q=zonealarm&sp-a=0008002a-sp00000000 ); in fact, LangaList readers were among the first, anywhere, to learn about ZoneAlarm. A "personal firewall," ZoneAlarm software helps protect you against malicious internet hackers, and can even guard against some email Trojan-horse programs and other apps that may try to "phone home" behind your back.

The new version is a very minor update from the last, but it's still good to stay up to date--- and thanks to reader J. M. Dixon for being first to tell us about the new version.

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5) More Windows' Bloat

You folks are great--- you keep digging and digging into the topics we discuss, and generously share your results when you find something interesting. Take reader Dave, for example, who found this when he went looking for "oinkage;" space-wasting junk files on his hard drive (see http://search.atomz.com/search/?sp-q=oinkage&sp-a=0008002a-sp00000000 ):

Hi Fred, great Newsletter! In your last article, you mention bloat in the Windows directory. I would like to add that some systems can free up 25 MB by getting rid of the Windows 98 tour/welcome. Delete the entire subfolder called "Tour." I never used since first boot. It is located on my system at C:\WINDOWS\OPTIONS\CABS , though many systems may find it at C:\WINDOWS\CABS I carried it around for a week in my recycle bin for safety, as I do with all big deletions, and things are normal. Keep Up The Good Work!

Thanks, Dave. And that trick--- carrying a file around in the Recycle Bin, or (perhaps more safely) renaming it, or moving it to a safe location, is very smart. That way, if it turns out you need the file, you can just move it back in a flash. But, after a while, if everything continues to work fine, you can then delete it knowing it's not a file your system relies on for anything critical.

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6) Another Reader Suggestion On Basic Disk Partitioning

Reader Paul Van Noord suggested an alternative to the drive-partitioning scheme I suggested  in http://content.techweb.com/winmag//columns/explorer/2000/20.htm :

I am a consultant & VAR who works strictly with small business & churches & missions. I have found that using 3 partitions is valuable for many reasons. I label the D partition [Data] and set up all the user created files to be saved there. It makes it easy for them to find and easy to backup. Also, there are no operating system or program shenanigans tampering with the data. A further benefit is that the data doesn't fragment program files. All of windows stuff is on C except for the swapfile which is on E. All programs are installed on E so if windows misbehaves anything created away from the windows folder is also preserved. Ontrack's Fix It! 2000 DefragPLUS is a great utility than can run on a schedule along with automatic backup. After reading your article I think I will begin using a 4th partition strictly for drive image files.

Thanks, Paul. Indeed, your way will work fine. Mine is tailored to my specific needs which are admittedly somewhat, um, not normal: With my frequent tests if software and hardware, I'm very hard on my system, and as a result need frequent backups of the system files, setup, and data files. Partitioning as described in http://content.techweb.com/winmag//columns/explorer/2000/20.htm gives me all that in one daily backup.

In short, there's no one "right" way. As long as you have a system that works for you and lets you back up your files, great!

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7) Industrial-Strength Backup/Imaging/Restore Options

Reader Dale Greenwood sent in the results of his professional research into backup/restore options:

Fred, I've been working on a development project for a client regarding hard drive imaging / backup to CD R& RW on (mainly) WinNT & Win2K systems. I spent nearly a week auditioning Powerquest's latest high-end products which provide these capabilities (ServerMagic 3.0 and Drive Image Pro 3.0). As it turns out, if you are working with FAT or FAT32 formatted partitions, Powerquest's products work very well - however, for use with WinNT and Win2K, I found that their products are confused by NTFS partitions that have been created or manipulated by Disk Administrator, specifically if the cluster size has been changed. Executive Software, makers of Diskeeper - the defragmenter licensed by Microsoft and bundled into Win2K - advocate making the cluster size within NTFS partitions 4096 bytes in size (with a lengthy technical explanation of the pros & cons). Within the Powerquest products reviewed, I also found a number of other compatibility problems of this sort which their second level tech support was unable to address. So I've been taking my search for appropriate software elsewhere.

Here is what I've found so far: Adaptec sells a software product called Take Two, bundled in the Deluxe version of their Easy CD Creator software suite which will do WinNT & Win2K disk image snapshots with disk spanning onto CD-R & RW with full restore capabilities, however their software isn't capable of doing incremental backups.

I've most recently run across a software package called Retrospect by Dantz, which does everything Take Two will, plus it will do incremental backups, batched automatic restoration from incrementals, disk imaging / backups of other machines within the intranet and a bunch more. Appears to be best of breed, by far.

Very interesting, Dale--- thanks!

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8) Is This Information Useful?

If you think the LangaList is a worthwhile read, maybe a friend would find it useful too! Just use the following link to recommend the LangaList---your friend may find a new source of useful information and you just may win $10,000 for your trouble (full details also available via this link):

http://www.langa.com/recommend.htm#1

Or, win a copy of "Poor Richard's E-Mail Publishing: Creating Newsletters, Bulletins, Discussion Groups and Other Powerful Communications Tools." This book has been described as "An excellent, straightforward manual on email publishing, banner ads, driving traffic and especially ethics." (Full details also available via this link):

http://www.langa.com/recommend.htm#2 

Either way, thank you, and good luck.

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9) So Many Sites, So Little Time <g>

Do you have a home page or website? (It doesn't matter what size.) Please click over to http://www.langa.com/code.htm, and maybe you can join the hundreds and hundreds of LangaList readers who have "Loaded the Code!"

Speaking of which: Here's another eclectic sample of reader sites--- some professional, some very personal:

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10) Just For Grins

Old jokes never die-- they just morph into new variants on the web.

Take, for example, the "light bulb" joke, where there's a question in the form of

Q: How many (name of group of people/persons) does it take to change a light bulb?

followed by an answer in the form of

A: (Some number;) one to change the bulb, and (one or more, up to the required number to make the joke work) who behave in a manner that mocks or perpetuates a stereotype of that person or group.

Most are silly, but---like when you hear a really bad pun--- sometimes you can't help but smile anyway, even if you *know* it's dumb.

Reader Albert II got me thinking about this when he sent along a link to http://www.wilesworld.com/jokes/lightbulb.shtml, which contained items like these:

Q: How many senior managers does it take to change a light bulb?
A: We've formed a task force to study the problem of why light bulbs burn out and to figure out what, exactly, we as managers can do to make the light bulbs work smarter, not harder.

Q: How many Help Desk people does it take to change a light bulb?
A: PC Repair has received your mail concerning your hardware problem and has assigned your request Service Order Number 39712. Please use this number for any future reference to this case

Q: How many software engineers does it take to change a light bulb?
A: None. That's a hardware problem.

Q: How many hardware engineers does it take to change a light bulb?
A: None. Tell software to code around it

Q How many support staff people does it take to change a light bulb?
A: We have an exact copy of the light bulb here and it seems to be working fine. Can you tell me what kind of system you have? O.K.. Just exactly how dark is it?...

I then wondered what else the web has done to this ancient joke form, so I did a search and---yow! Check out http://bulbs.sector13.org/ or http://users.fast.co.za/~tmar/lightbu.htm or http://www.lamps.co.nz/jokes.html or http://www.lightbulbjokes.com/ or... well, you get the idea. 8-)

Nihil novi sub sole, eh?

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See you next issue!

Best,

Fred

(fred@langa.com)

Please recommend the LangaList to a friend! (And maybe win $10,000!I)

An easier-to read formatted HTML version is available in the "Current Issue" section of http://www.langa.com.  (The HTML version of each issue normally is available by 9AM EST [UT-5] of the issue date.) All past LangaList issues are also available at the Langa.Com site.

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About the advertisers:  Langa Consulting LLC will never knowingly accept advertising for a fraudulent product, company or service. However, Langa Consulting LLC makes no implied or explicit warranty, recommendation or endorsement of or for the products, companies or services mentioned in the ads.

Disclaimer: (Please see full disclaimer here: http://www.langa.com/legal.htm.) Abbreviated version: The tips and other information given in the newsletter are researched and are believed to be accurate, but we cannot and do not guarantee that all the information here will work on all systems, for all users, all the time. All information herein is offered as-is and without warranty of any kind. Neither Langa Consulting LLC, nor its employees nor contributors are responsible for any loss, injury, or damage, direct or consequential, resulting from application of any information presented here.

This newsletter is a free service of Langa Consulting LLC and is Copyright © 2000 Langa Consulting LLC. All rights reserved.

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